full transcript

From the Ted Talk by Anjali Tripathi: Why Earth may someday look like Mars

Unscramble the Blue Letters

But the Earth is not alone in ureingodng atmospheric escape. Mars, our nearest neighbor, is much slmlear than Earth, so it has much less gravity with which to hold on to its atmosphere. And so even though Mars has an areoshmpte, we can see it's much thinner than the Earth's. Just look at the surface. You see craters indicating that it didn't have an atmosphere that could stop those impacts. Also, we see that it's the "red planet," and atmospheric epcase plays a role in Mars being red. That's because we think Mars used to have a wetter past, and when water had enough energy, it borke up into hydrogen and oxygen, and hydrogen being so lghit, it escaped into space, and the oxygen that was left oxidized or rusted the ground, making that faialmir rusty red color that we see.

Open Cloze

But the Earth is not alone in __________ atmospheric escape. Mars, our nearest neighbor, is much _______ than Earth, so it has much less gravity with which to hold on to its atmosphere. And so even though Mars has an __________, we can see it's much thinner than the Earth's. Just look at the surface. You see craters indicating that it didn't have an atmosphere that could stop those impacts. Also, we see that it's the "red planet," and atmospheric ______ plays a role in Mars being red. That's because we think Mars used to have a wetter past, and when water had enough energy, it _____ up into hydrogen and oxygen, and hydrogen being so _____, it escaped into space, and the oxygen that was left oxidized or rusted the ground, making that ________ rusty red color that we see.

Solution

  1. familiar
  2. undergoing
  3. light
  4. atmosphere
  5. broke
  6. smaller
  7. escape

Original Text

But the Earth is not alone in undergoing atmospheric escape. Mars, our nearest neighbor, is much smaller than Earth, so it has much less gravity with which to hold on to its atmosphere. And so even though Mars has an atmosphere, we can see it's much thinner than the Earth's. Just look at the surface. You see craters indicating that it didn't have an atmosphere that could stop those impacts. Also, we see that it's the "red planet," and atmospheric escape plays a role in Mars being red. That's because we think Mars used to have a wetter past, and when water had enough energy, it broke up into hydrogen and oxygen, and hydrogen being so light, it escaped into space, and the oxygen that was left oxidized or rusted the ground, making that familiar rusty red color that we see.

Frequently Occurring Word Combinations

ngrams of length 2

collocation frequency
atmospheric escape 16
transiting exoplanets 3
undergoing atmospheric 2
red circle 2

ngrams of length 3

collocation frequency
undergoing atmospheric escape 2

Important Words

  1. atmosphere
  2. atmospheric
  3. broke
  4. color
  5. craters
  6. earth
  7. energy
  8. escape
  9. escaped
  10. familiar
  11. gravity
  12. ground
  13. hold
  14. hydrogen
  15. impacts
  16. indicating
  17. left
  18. light
  19. making
  20. mars
  21. nearest
  22. neighbor
  23. oxidized
  24. oxygen
  25. planet
  26. plays
  27. red
  28. role
  29. rusted
  30. rusty
  31. smaller
  32. space
  33. stop
  34. surface
  35. thinner
  36. undergoing
  37. water
  38. wetter